{"id":276308,"date":"2020-11-22T22:51:57","date_gmt":"2020-11-23T03:51:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/?p=276308"},"modified":"2020-11-22T23:14:22","modified_gmt":"2020-11-23T04:14:22","slug":"how-net-zero-and-passive-houses-can-cut-carbon-emissions-and-energy-bills","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/2020\/11\/22\/how-net-zero-and-passive-houses-can-cut-carbon-emissions-and-energy-bills\/","title":{"rendered":"How &#8216;net-zero&#8217; and &#8216;passive&#8217; houses can cut carbon emissions \u2014 and energy bills"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_276310\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-276310\" style=\"width: 960px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/the-thermal-imaging-camera-3756103_960_720.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-276310\" src=\"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/the-thermal-imaging-camera-3756103_960_720.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/the-thermal-imaging-camera-3756103_960_720.jpg 960w, https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/the-thermal-imaging-camera-3756103_960_720-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/the-thermal-imaging-camera-3756103_960_720-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-276310\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A passive house can cut energy use by 90 per cent. Its thickly insulated walls, air-tight construction, high-efficiency mechanical systems, compact building shape and orientation capture the heat of the sun when it\u2019s most needed. They are easier to operate, maintain temperatures more efficiently and save up to 90 per cent in heating and cooling energy costs, mostly through the use of an energy recovery ventilator to exchange the interior air with fresh outside air (Pixabay photo)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>From the street, you wouldn\u2019t be able to tell a net-zero or passive house from any other recently built home. Even from the inside, the only visible clues are thick walls and deep windowsills. Only if you looked at the utilities bill would you know.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNet-Zero\u201d and \u201cPassive House\u201d are certification labels for ultra-low energy buildings that use very little energy to heat and cool them.<\/p>\n<p>Although the origins of the passive house date back to the 1970s, its popularity only began to spread in the past decade or so. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.quantumpassivhaus.com\/what-is-passive-house\">It is now the world\u2019s most energy-efficient building standard<\/a>. Globally, passive house construction has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/sherikoones\/2019\/06\/06\/passive-house--building-the-efficient-home-of-the-future\/?sh=aa15516f78b6\">exceeded 30,000<\/a> and is increasing as people seek cost benefits, ways to protect the climate and contribute to a healthy living environment.<\/p>\n<p>As Canada and other countries around the world look for ways to decrease their dependence on fossil fuels and reduce carbon emissions to tackle climate change, the housing and construction industry has been identified as one area that can have an almost immediate impact.<\/p>\n<h2>Save on climate control<\/h2>\n<p>Buildings account for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/services\/environment\/weather\/climatechange\/climate-plan\/reduce-emissions.html#toc0\">13 per cent<\/a> of energy use in Canada. In a typical house that\u2019s been constructed according to the building code, roughly <a href=\"https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/pub\/11-526-s\/2010001\/part-partie1-eng.htm\">60 to 70 per cent of the energy use goes towards heating and cooling<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>There really hasn\u2019t been a significant shift in the way houses are built since the 1960s. But <a href=\"https:\/\/elemental.green\/10-eco-building-materials-revolutionizing-home-construction\/\">technological advances and new materials<\/a> now allow for high-performance houses to be built with lower carbon emissions through the use of fibre-reinforced concrete, prefabrication, smart-glass and recycled and sustainable materials such as cork flooring and wool insulation.<\/p>\n<figure><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/74294955\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">The \u201cpassive house\u201d explained in 90 seconds.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>A passive house can cut energy use by 90 per cent. Its thickly insulated walls, air-tight construction, high-efficiency mechanical systems, compact building shape and orientation capture the heat of the sun when it\u2019s most needed. They are easier to operate, maintain temperatures more efficiently and save up to <a href=\"https:\/\/klearwall.com\/what-is-passive-house\/\">90 per cent in heating and cooling energy costs<\/a>, mostly through the use of an energy recovery ventilator to exchange the interior air with fresh outside air.<\/p>\n<p>A net-zero building produces as much energy as it consumes. It starts with an energy-efficient building envelope (walls, foundation, roof), high-quality windows, and high-efficiency heating and ventilation systems to keep the overall consumption as low as possible. Renewable energy sources like rooftop solar panels provide enough power to operate it. They can store energy or sell it to the grid when they produce more than needed.<\/p>\n<p>Building high-performance, energy-efficient passive homes costs more \u2014 about <a href=\"https:\/\/zeroenergyproject.org\/buy\/cost-less-to-own\/\">five to 10 per cent more than a similar-sized<\/a> home built to code, after incentives. And the certification process itself runs about $5,000, but the costs can be recouped through <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrcan.gc.ca\/energy-efficiency\/energy-efficiency-homes\/financial-incentive-province\/4947\">rebates and long-term energy efficiency<\/a>. For example, the average monthly energy savings on the net-zero home will be significantly greater than the added monthly mortgage payment cost.<\/p>\n<p>Over the past decade, the costs of renewable energy <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irena.org\/-\/media\/Files\/IRENA\/Agency\/Publication\/2017\/Nov\/%20IRENA_Sharply_falling_costs_2017.pdf\">have fallen nearly 69 per cent<\/a>, a trend powered by strong government schemes around the world. Solar energy production costs have fallen the most of any other energy source since 2010, dropping by nearly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irena.org\/publications\/2020\/Jun\/Renewable-Power-Costs-in-2019\">82 per cent<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Benefits of a net-zero home<\/h2>\n<p>The high costs of heating oil and electricity \u2014 and growing awareness of climate change and carbon emissions \u2014 are drawing people to net-zero homes. As the costs of solar photovoltaic systems and heat pumps fall and become more readily available \u2014 even <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ikea.com\/ca\/en\/this-is-ikea\/sustainable-everyday\/home-solar-pubf1153c43\">IKEA sells solar panels in many countries<\/a> \u2014 highly energy-efficient homes are <a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/10122018\/net-zero-energy-efficiency-home-infographic-solar-pay-off-years-midwest-detroit-chicago-columbus\">paying for themselves more quickly<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>And you don\u2019t need to live in sunny California <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bdcnetwork.com\/sites\/bdc\/files\/Zero%20and%20Net-Zero%20Energy%20Buildings%20%2B%20Homes.pdf\">to have significant savings<\/a>. Net-zero homes can be built almost anywhere, even in places with brutal winters.<\/p>\n<p>Air-tight and well-insulated, a net-zero home maintains its temperature by recovering heat from the outgoing air to heat the air coming into the house. This decreases the need for additional heating and cooling, and <a href=\"https:\/\/zeroenergyproject.org\/2019\/03\/21\/deadly-indoor-air-pollution-are-zero-energy-buildings-the-answer\/\">boosts air quality<\/a> with a constant supply of fresh incoming air and high-level air filtration.<\/p>\n<h2>Rare in Canada<\/h2>\n<p>These sorts of buildings are still a rarity in Canada. According to the Canada Home Builders Association, there are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chba.ca\">456 certified net-zero buildings<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/passivehouse-database.org\/index.php?lang=en#k_canada\">Passivehouse Canada reports 67 certified residential, commercial and institutional buildings<\/a> in the country.<\/p>\n<p>Yet Canada was briefly a world leader in passive design. In 1976, when gas prices doubled virtually overnight, a Saskatchewan Research Council engineer named Harold Orr designed and built a pioneering energy-efficient and solar-powered passive house in Saskatoon. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.src.sk.ca\/blog\/closer-look-saskatchewan-conservation-house-and-four-others\">The Saskatchewan Conservation House<\/a> was so radical that engineers from around the world came to see it. But then cheap gas and oil returned, and energy-efficient homes were forgotten.<\/p>\n<p>Each province has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.internatenergy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Renewable-Energy-Programs.pdf\">renewable energy programs such as the net metering<\/a> for residential and commercial customers to reduce or eliminate a building\u2019s energy consumption by selling extra energy back to the electrical grid. British Columbia\u2019s energy efficiency program, <a href=\"https:\/\/www2.gov.bc.ca\/gov\/content\/industry\/electricity-alternative-energy\/energy-efficiency-conservation\/programs\">EfficiencyBC<\/a>, provides financial incentives to switch to high-efficiency heating equipment and to make improvements to the building envelope that save energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center \"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/370376\/original\/file-20201119-22-1qzmj0h.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/370376\/original\/file-20201119-22-1qzmj0h.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=450&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/370376\/original\/file-20201119-22-1qzmj0h.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=450&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/370376\/original\/file-20201119-22-1qzmj0h.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=450&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/370376\/original\/file-20201119-22-1qzmj0h.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=566&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/370376\/original\/file-20201119-22-1qzmj0h.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=566&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/370376\/original\/file-20201119-22-1qzmj0h.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=566&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" alt=\"A newly constructed passive home with solar panels on the roof\" \/><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">The solar panels on the roof at the Net Zero Certified and Passive House construction (the author\u2019s home) in Valley, N.S.<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"attribution\"><span class=\"source\">(Little Foot Properties, Inc.)<\/span>, <span class=\"license\">Author provided<\/span><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Europe has <a href=\"https:\/\/cleantechnica.com\/2010\/01\/06\/europe-shows-the-way-to-energy-efficient-design\/\">invested heavily in energy-efficient homes<\/a> through <a href=\"https:\/\/publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu\/repository\/bitstream\/JRC117816\/accelerating_energy_renovation_investments_in_buildings.pdf\">tax credits, grants, subsidies, guaranteed loans, reduced repayment schedules, education and technical assistance<\/a>. But Canadian provinces and cities could do more.<\/p>\n<p>Although the federal government announced in July that it was investing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/natural-resources-canada\/news\/2020\/06\/investing-in-net-zero-energy-residential-buildings-across-canada.html\">$2.4 million toward the construction of energy-efficient residential buildings across Canada<\/a>, only seven certified builders will benefit.<\/p>\n<p>Canada\u2019s residential construction industry must support energy efficiency; architects, builders and contractors are beginning to give a strong look at building with Passive House and Net-Zero technologies and standards. Consumers also play a role; upgrades to existing homes that increase energy efficiency and affordability help move towards net-zero energy.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/148587\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" \/><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/richard-lebrasseur-959535\">Richard leBrasseur<\/a>, Assisant Professor of Landscape Architecture and Director, Green Infrastructure Performance Lab, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/dalhousie-university-1329\">Dalhousie University<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>This article is republished from <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-net-zero-and-passive-houses-can-cut-carbon-emissions-and-energy-bills-148587\">original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From the street, you wouldn\u2019t be able to tell a net-zero or passive house from any other recently built home. &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":276310,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54365,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-276308","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-instagram","category-lifestyle","mauthors-richard-lebrasseur-dalhousie-university","mauthors-the-conversation"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276308","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=276308"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276308\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":276322,"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276308\/revisions\/276322"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/276310"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=276308"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=276308"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=276308"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}