{"id":175653,"date":"2018-08-08T04:04:36","date_gmt":"2018-08-08T08:04:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/?p=175653"},"modified":"2018-08-08T04:05:04","modified_gmt":"2018-08-08T08:05:04","slug":"advocates-condemn-psych-techniques-used-keep-kids-online","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/2018\/08\/08\/advocates-condemn-psych-techniques-used-keep-kids-online\/","title":{"rendered":"Advocates condemn psych techniques used to keep kids online"},"content":{"rendered":"
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File Photo: \u201cThere are powerful psychology principles and technology that are being used against kids in ways that are not in their best interests.\u201d (Photo<\/a> by Jim Sneddon\/Flickr<\/a>, CC BY 2.0<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

CHICAGO \u2014 Children’s advocates want the American Psychological Association to condemn the tech industry’s practice of using persuasive psychological techniques to keep kids glued to their screens.<\/p>\n

The advocates, citing research that links excessive use of social media and video games with depression and academic troubles, say it’s unethical for psychologists to be involved in tactics that risk harming kids’ well-being. Skeptics say the research is inconclusive, and they note that psychologists have been involved in other industries’ marketing and advertising for decades.<\/p>\n

The group seeking intervention includes 60 U.S. psychologists, researchers, children’s advocates and the Children’s Screen Time Action Network, a project of the Boston-based Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood. The network was publishing a letter Wednesday to the American Psychological Association, coinciding with the association’s annual meeting in San Francisco.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere are powerful psychology principles and technology that are being used against kids in ways that are not in their best interests,\u201d said Josh Golin, executive director of the Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood.<\/p>\n

That technology uses computers to help figure out what motivates people and influence their online behaviour. It’s built on age-old tenets of behavioural psychology that marketers and advertisers have long used to get people to buy their products. The difference is smartphones are ubiquitous and unlike human marketers, they don’t get tired, said B.J. Fogg, a behavioural scientist at Stanford University who has been called the technology’s pioneer.<\/p>\n

Fogg said he has aimed to use persuasive tech to enhance people’s lives. But he also said he has long warned that it has a \u201cdark side,\u201d including potential loss of privacy and the potential for encouraging behaviour that isn’t in users’ best interests.<\/p>\n

The letter to the psychology association cites a recent study that found that teen girls who spend a lot of time on digital devices, including on social media, are at risk for depression and suicidal behaviours. That study couldn’t show whether depressed girls might be more prone to using social media than other teens.<\/p>\n

The letter also notes evidence that some teen boys overuse video games \u201cat the expense of obtaining real-world competencies,\u201d including college educations and jobs.<\/p>\n

\u201cFamilies don’t understand why their kids are so strongly attracted and pulled to these devices,\u201d said Richard Freed, a Walnut Creek, California, psychologist who signed the letter. He said the World Health Organization’s decision in June to declare excessive video gaming an addiction shows that the problem is real.<\/p>\n

Under Fogg’s model, technology can change a person’s behaviour by tapping into hard-wired motivations, simplifying the activity and getting people to perform it with a \u201cwell-timed\u201d trigger. That could mean an app prompting a person to go running or it could be an alert persuading someone to spend more time on social media based on their innate desire to win acceptance and avoid social rejection.<\/p>\n

It’s not just the big tech firms. BuzzFeed reported Tuesday, based on a confidential company memo, that founders of a startup recently acquired by Facebook boasted of using a \u201cpsychological trick\u201d \u2014 custom social media profiles and mysterious calls to action \u2014 to get high schoolers to download a polling app. Facebook later shut down the app.<\/p>\n

In job postings, big tech companies have sought psychologists and people with psychology training for research into user experiences. Microsoft’s Xbox user research division is led by psychologists. Amazon looks for hires who \u201cgeek out over user research, psychology, ethnography.\u201d Google’s preferred qualification for some positions includes a doctorate in experimental psychology.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe strive to learn and understand our users’ needs, behaviours, and emotions to yield insights that inform product strategy and guide the design of the experiences we create,\u201d says one Google job posting online this week.<\/p>\n

Facebook and Google didn’t return requests for comment Tuesday on whether they use psychological persuasion techniques to build digital products for children. Microsoft, Apple and Amazon declined to comment.<\/p>\n

This year, those companies have promoted better digital well-being amid rising concerns about kids’ digital distractions.<\/p>\n

The Internet Association, an industry trade group, said its member companies endeavour to create safe and positive online experiences.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis is an important conversation, and the internet industry remains committed to developing and sharing best practices, partnering and collaborating with experts, and developing resources and programs that will ensure positive online experiences,\u201d the association’s Noah Theran said in the statement.<\/p>\n

Apple is introducing new tools meant to make its iPhone less addictive after two major shareholders earlier this year called on the company to curb smartphone addiction among children. Facebook, YouTube and Microsoft have introduced similar tools.<\/p>\n

The American Psychological Association has no policy on using psychological research to develop persuasive digital technology.<\/p>\n

But in a statement responding to the advocates’ letter, association CEO Arthur Evans Jr. said the group \u201cis concerned about the increasing amount of time children are spending on digital devices.\u201d<\/p>\n

He said the association is examining psychology’s role in technology development, and that an association committee will discuss the letter and whether to recommend any action.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

CHICAGO \u2014 Children’s advocates want the American Psychological Association to condemn the tech industry’s practice of using persuasive psychological techniques …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":175664,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-175653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-lifestyle","mauthors-lindsey-tanner","mauthors-matt-obrien","mauthors-the-associated-press"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175653","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/44"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=175653"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175653\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/175664"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=175653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=175653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canadianinquirer.net\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=175653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}